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October 09, 2006

Tarawih in the Kingdom

I stepped into the women's section of the neighbourhood mosque, my mother by my side and the imam's quranic recitations booming in my ears. The praying area was on the upper floor of the mosque, ornate, sweet-smelling and half full by the time we got there. The imam had already finished isha'a prayer and started on tarawih so we quickly joined the last line and started praying under the brilliant chandelier and, thankfully, an air conditioning vent.

One thing that has always moved me is the reverberation of the congregation as they say "Amen" after the end of a quranic verse. As women are not allowed to raise their voices in prayer if men are in earshot, the rising chant after each verse is a deep rich tenor. These moments always affirmed - as far as I was concerned - the virtues of group prayer and the significance of communal religion. A lone worshipper believing more in a personal spiritual relationship with one's Maker, I am not a fan of mosque prayer but taken with the spirit of Ramadan and not wishing my mother to go on her own, I found myself smiling at the familiar "Amen" that emanated from the (not overlooked) male congregation below.

Tarawih prayer is nine prostrations prayed in pairs of two where the last is prayed after a supplication or du'a. After the first two prostrations I looked around and was untypically pleased with the ambience, a week of fasting and dawn prayers had obviously worn down my cynicism. Young girls of five and six, veiled and deep in prayer were mimicking their mothers' moves and Asian servants prayed side by side with their female bosses. For the first time in a while, I felt that just for that moment, I had managed to be a Muslim among Muslims worshipping one God, not an outsider or a cynical critic asking to be left alone as I examined and re-examined people's intentions and tried to sniff out some whiff of hypocrisy or patronising intereference that I felt were so inevitable.

I found myself relaxing and listening to the meanings of the words in the Quran, divorced from the mouths of the shaykhs that boomed at me that I was an adulteress because I wore perfume or that I was cursed because I plucked my eyebrows. I felt bad for not having more faith and for allowing the opressiveness of interpretation to obfuscate the essence of the the message. I pledged not to be antagonised or intimidated, at least not through second hand sources. Why should God have to to suffer for the textualism, non-sequitur extrapolation and heavy-handedness of His self-appointed respresentatives or Islam be guilty of the terrorism of its self-declared vanguard? I shut my eyes and listened, prostrated myself and let myself feel humbled shutting out all preconceptions, questions, and fears and felt sad once more, that I had been deprived of this feeling, for letting myself be alienated by the continuous negative images both abroad and at home and again pledged to be a more discerning worshipper.

At the beginning of the ninth prostration the imam began his supplication exalting God and glorifying Him. We all raised our hands in prayer and mumbled "Amen" after each line. "God, You are Strong and we are weak, You are the Forgiver and we are the sinners. O God, wash away our sins that are as deep and as wide as the sea." Here came a loud "Amen" and I was shocked to feel the tears on my face. I had always viewed demonstrations of piety or emotion during group prayer as some mild form of mass hysteria and had, even during pilgrimage, managed to restrain myself and dismiss any emotion as irrational, like I was going to be duped by some invisible force that wanted to deprive me of that last shred of logic that stood between me and the quicksand of absolutism.

I wiped away my tears and told myself that I was tired, pre-menstrual, and stressed ... but the tears still came as the imam continued.

"O God, may Islam be triumphant." "Amen," I said.

"May the enemies of Islam be defeated and the warriors of Islam victorious." "Amen," I said, feeling slightly less holy.

"May those who have mocked the Prophet and drawn disparaging cartoons of him suffer till the blood freeze in their veins that they wish death upon themselves and not be granted it." I opened my eyes, my tears drying up.

"O God, defeat the Christians and Jews, decimate their numbers, shatter their unity and cleanse the earth of them that there not be a single one left alive." Here came the loudest "Amen." I looked at my mother deep in prayer and said "I'm not saying 'Amen' to THAT!" She shushed me irritated.

Before I could regain my composure my forehead was on the floor for the ninth and final prostration. Somehow, it didn't feel the same. I tried to recapture the focus and the clarity but prayer was over as soon as the raka'ah was and I found myself shuffling out of the mosque looking for my shoes and feeling somehow like I'd been mugged. My mother and I walked home in silence. Deep in thought I comforted myself, tomorrow, there would be another tarawih.

Posted by bint ash-shaitan at October 9, 2006 05:03 PM
Filed Under: Gulf , Islam General , Op-Ed

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Comments

Beautiful...

Posted by: Leena J. [TypeKey Profile Page] at October 9, 2006 08:15 PM

How many Westerners even know Muslims say "Amen" at the end of each prayer? The words are, in many ways, echos of those that I've heard growing up (as a Roman Catholic, or a vile Papist, as the L's older relatives might have called us). Pity that so few people know how closely the Abrahamic faiths resemble each other.

Posted by: Kao Hsienchih [TypeKey Profile Page] at October 9, 2006 11:52 PM

Hmm, okay, must read the entire story before commenting....did not get to the business after "May the enemies of Islam..."

Posted by: Kao Hsienchih [TypeKey Profile Page] at October 9, 2006 11:55 PM

This piece is a winner. I took the liberty of copying it completely at my blog rather than publishing a tickler. The message is fragile enough without adding any chance of breaking the reader's attention flow.

Aquol is a great resource. Odd blend of sacred and profane, but strong medicine most of the time. Keep up the good work.

Posted by: Hootsbuddy at October 10, 2006 08:34 AM

These imams are government officials picked from a pool of religious trainees, they even have a salary for God's sake. Doesn't do much for the alleged campaign to tone down confrontational rhetoric. Granted it is just a local mosque (and this IS KSA after all) but if that sort of invocation is so accepted, nay condoned by the congregation, how much of a gulf (no pun intended) still exists between the religious movement and official agendae?

Posted by: Meph at October 10, 2006 08:56 AM

Just speaking to Kao's first post, back when I attended church services, at the end of the service the parishioners turn to each other, shake hands and say "Peace be upon you" (in English). This was at a Uniting Church in rural Australia. I read recently that this is similar to how mosque services conclude - is this true, bint-al-shaitan? (Best name ever, btw.)

Posted by: Ms .45 [TypeKey Profile Page] at October 10, 2006 09:06 AM

Sounds like every day is Little Green Footballs Day in at least parts of the Magic Kingdom.

(On "Peace be Unto You", that is done is Catholic Masses too about 3/4 of the way through.)

Posted by: matthew hogan at October 10, 2006 09:10 AM

bint ash-shaitan, do you hear this sort of prayer often, when you do go to mosque in the KSA?

Posted by: zurn at October 10, 2006 12:01 PM

Ms 45, indeed, after the conclusion of prayers worshippers turn to each other, shake hands and usually peace be unto you and variations on the theme that one hopes the other's prayer has been accepted. I also find that there is a lot of similarity between the Lord's Prayer and Surat-al-Fatiha, the opening verse of all rak'as.

Zurn, sadly yes, sometimes in harsher and more specific terms and always followed by resounding support from the congergation. Leaving aside the obvious overlooked minor detail that Christians and Jews are people of the book, how do you reconcile this call for ethnic cleansing with the fact that many Muslim husbands (and Saudi men are not exempt) are married to Christian women not only from the West but also the Arab World?

Posted by: Bint at October 10, 2006 02:16 PM

QED

1:1 In the name of God, the most merciful, the ever merciful:
1:2 Praise be to God, the Lord of the Universe.
1:3 The most merciful, the ever merciful.
1:4 Master of the Day of Judgment.
1:5 You alone we worship. You alone we ask for help.
1:6 Guide us on the straight path;
1:7 the path of those whom You have blessed, not of those who have deserved wrath, nor of those who stray. Amin.

Our Father, who art in heaven,
Hallowed be thy Name.
Thy kingdom come.
Thy will be done,
On earth as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our trespasses,
As we forgive those who trespass against us.
And lead us not into temptation,
But deliver us from evil.
For thine is the kingdom,
and the power,
and the glory,
for ever and ever.
Amen.

Posted by: M at October 10, 2006 02:31 PM

ya ukhti,

how sad that your moment of spiritual connection should be rudely torn asunder by bigotry.

i am not surprised that such calls are well-received. propaganda works.

i am, however, curious how you personally deal with this situation in general: do you practice your very own "taqiya", do you speak up, do you try to find like-minded muslims?

--raf*

Posted by: raf* at October 10, 2006 03:04 PM

Reminds me of the last time my mother darkened the door of a church when I was around 10. The priest got all emotional about some political rant, breaking down and crying at one point. I was too young to know/care what the deal was, just that it was pretty creepy and didn't have anything to do with Jesus. It was not long after this that I discovered Chick Tracts and there was no turning back. I was an atheist by the time I was 12.

However, while bizarre "followers" are the leading cause of atheism worldwide, the stories are pretty bizarre too.

Posted by: Djuha at October 10, 2006 06:14 PM

raf*, I know propaganda works, the point is that when is at such a grass roots level, how can it be uprooted? The government can only impose policies and reform from the top down and its fear of the informal religious establishment is so huge that its spearheading of an anti-terror campaign is rendered blunt. Never thought I would agree with the official line as opposed to the unoffical line.

Posted by: Bint at October 11, 2006 04:59 PM

ya ukhti,

so what's your answer to my question, then?

--raf*

Posted by: raf* at October 11, 2006 05:32 PM

Bint, excellent work, as always.

I have an off topic question regarding the niqab

In a recent WaPo online discussion, the commentator had this to say,

Mona Eltahawy: Thank you for your question. I agree with you.

I don't believe that a face veil is a requirement. It is a cultural and tribal tradition.

I lived in Saudi Arabia for six years. Women wear the face veil there if the head of their tribe deems they should. It has nothing to do with religion.

Is this correct? Is the niqab tribal-based in Saudi Arabia?

Posted by: anon at October 12, 2006 03:03 PM

Is this correct? Is the niqab tribal-based in Saudi Arabia?

Not at all, the niqab is found in all parts of the Muslim world including areas that do not practice Wahabi based Islam. The niqab and the hijab however are personal choices and most families and especially Gulf societies impose them on their female members. The niqab is only more popular in the Kingdom because of the nature of Quranic and Sunna interpretation popular there, i.e one that favours the most extreme choice on the premise that it is better to err on the side of caution.

I am slightly surprised that El Tahawy would claim that the niqab has no basis in religion, it is a rather tenuous link from the texts to the fard (i.e obligation) but nontheless it is based on that link that Muslim women around the world choose to wear it.


Posted by: Bint at October 12, 2006 07:32 PM

ya akhouya, do you speak up? What do you call this?

do you try to find like-minded muslims? Like minded people ya akhouya, like minded people.

Posted by: Bint at October 12, 2006 07:37 PM

Dear Bint,

your response re: niqab is off. Mona herself doesn't believe it's fard. She didn't say that others don't believe it's fard. And it IS a cultural tradition. In KSA, as in other societies, veiling is primarily connected with trying to maintain the honor of the family (and/or tribe, where it exists). Religious dogma is a vehicle for something else.

The Qur'an only says something vague about modest clothing - that it should include niqab is culturally proscribed. There are divergent opinions among Muslim scholars about the issue - please note that in the Islamic Republic of Iran the niqab is NOT obligatory and is, indeed, only seen among Arab inhabitants of the Gulf coast. (And among Afghan refugees, but there it is ALSO cultural.)

Maybe a post about veiling & the "new veiling" is in order ...

--Matthias

Posted by: MSK at October 12, 2006 07:42 PM

I rather think you're talking past each other, but a quick note: Bint is right, various forms of the Niqab are found throughout the Muslim world - and of course it should be added both niqabing and non-niqabing have co-existed historically.

I'd note, however, that the freakish ninja and gloves outfit is a very neo-Wahhabite thing.

Posted by: The Lounsbury at October 12, 2006 07:46 PM

ya ukhti,

i call THIS here not exactly "speaking up" as you are among already like-minded people. with "speaking up" i meant "among the congregation, the family, etc."

do you discuss it with your mom, your family, your friends, house guests?

and re: likeminded muslims - i am, again, referring to people in the magic kingdom. is there such a thing as a network of people like you? or is one being formed?

--raf*

Posted by: raf* at October 12, 2006 07:46 PM

and re: likeminded muslims - i am, again, referring to people in the magic kingdom. is there such a thing as a network of people like you? or is one being formed?

What those who speak up for the rights of other people of the book? I think not!

I restrain myself as much as possible with family and friends, lest I expose shall we say, some other unacceptable surpressed convictions.

Posted by: Bint at October 12, 2006 08:46 PM

Anon, it appears our answers may seem confusing so to clarify.

The faces (or lack thereof) of niqab may differ culturally (e.g the ninja form the Lounsbury amusingly identifies) but those who don it claim a religious link. raf* even the verses that decree hijab are not specific and the delineation of the face and hands as the acceptapbly exposed areas comes from a hadith. We are not discussing the validity of the 'niqab as an obligation' conclusion, granted there are some areas where culturally the niqab is more popular but that does not explain the choice of women who wear it in places like Egypt and Sudan. Islam may have been used as a vehicle to promote niqab, but weak, vague or tenuous, there is a link.

Posted by: Bint at October 13, 2006 09:22 AM

As-Salaam 'Alaykum
Ramadan Karim

Alhamdulillah for diversity. There are also masajid where the Imam prays for the guidance of the "enemies of Islam". Check out my folks the Haba'ib of Hadramawt.

Posted by: Gabriel Hernandez at October 14, 2006 10:25 AM

Wa aleikum Gabriel, I am aware of the fact that there are mosques that merely call for guidance of the enemies, I am not sure whether even that is such a benevolent invocation.The point is it does happen, more than is acceptable. Besides, Al Habeeb is a Sufist.

Posted by: Bint at October 15, 2006 08:44 AM

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